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The overhead crane is an indispensable heavy-duty handling equipment in factories, warehouses, harbors, and other places, used for lifting materials efficiently and accurately. Its stability and reliability have a direct impact on operational safety and productivity. However, long-term high-load operation may lead to wear and tear of the overhead crane parts. Improper maintenance affects the performance and may cause sudden failures, resulting in production delays.
To ensure the long-lasting and stable operation of overhead cranes, you need to understand the functional characteristics of their core components and choose high-quality replacement parts. For example, each component directly affects the performance of the whole machine, including the motor and reducer of the drive system, the operator console and frequency converter of the control system, the wheels and rails of the load-bearing structure, etc. This article will provide an in-depth introduction to the parts of overhead cranes to help you optimize your equipment maintenance strategy, reduce downtime, and improve operational efficiency.
The components of an overhead travelling crane are mainly composed of lifting mechanism, operating mechanism, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism and metal structure. The core component is the lifting mechanism, which usually contains a hanging system and a winch for lifting heavy loads.
An overhead crane is a material handling crane running along a fixed track, having at least one main horizontal beam and equipped with one or more hoisting mechanisms. There are four main types of overhead cranes depending on their structure and mode of operation: top-running, bottom-running, single girder and double girder. These types of overhead cranes may differ in design, appearance, load requirements, configurations, and application scenarios, but they all share the same four basic components: power systems and motors, electrical components, mechanical components, and controls, among others. The following is a list of overhead crane parts with their functional characteristics, maintenance and replacement precautions, and so on.
| System | Components | Key Features | Maintenance Requirements | Replacement Criteria | Weihua Advantages |
| Power System | Motor/Gearbox | - High torque output | - Monthly temperature check | Efficiency drop >15% | - OEM-matched motors |
| - IP54 protection | - Quarterly bearing lubrication | Insulation degradation | - 48hr emergency replacement | ||
| - Overheat protection | - Vibration monitoring | ||||
| Electrical Control | VFD/PLC | - Stepless speed control | - Protection device calibration | Mainboard failure | - Genuine ABB/Siemens parts |
| - Self-diagnosis | - Terminal inspection | Unrecoverable errors | - System upgrades available | ||
| - Energy saving | - Control cabinet cleaning | ||||
| Main Beam | Box girder/Truss | - Box: Long-span | - Weld inspection | Deformation >L/800 | - Custom fabrication |
| - Truss: Lightweight | - Deflection monitoring | Crack depth >3mm | - Laser alignment service | ||
| - Anti-corrosion treatment | |||||
| End Carriage | Wheels/Bearing housing | - Double-flange design | - Flange wear check | Flange wear >10mm | - Complete unit replacement |
| - Anti-torsion structure | - Bearing lubrication | Bearing clearance exceeds the standard | - On-site dynamic balancing | ||
| - Shock absorption | - Bolt tightening | ||||
| Hoisting Mechanism | Wire rope/Sheaves | - Safety factor ≥5 | - Broken wire inspection | Broken wires >10% | - German-made ropes |
| - Multi-layer winding | - Lubrication | Diameter reduction >7% | - Rotation-resistant ropes | ||
| - Sheave groove check | |||||
| Runway System | QU rail/P rail | - Wear-resistant head | - Gauge measurement | Head wear >15% | - Laser alignment service |
| - Impact-resistant base | - Joint gap inspection | Deformation >5mm | - Insulated pads | ||
| - Clamp tightness | |||||
| Safety Devices | Limit switches/OLP | - Dual protection | - Monthly function test | Malfunction >3 times | - CE-certified components |
| - Emergency brake | - Annual calibration | Sensor failure | - Integrated safety systems | ||
| - Anti-collision | - Contact cleaning |
| Level | Frequency | Key Tasks | Tools Required |
| Daily Check | Every shift | - Visual inspection - E-stop test - Lubrication check | Flashlight Checklist |
| L1 Maintenance | 500 hours | - Bolt tightening - Brake adjustment - Electrical cleaning | Torque wrench IR thermometer |
| L2 Maintenance | 3,000 hours | - Gearbox oil change - Runway alignment - Insulation test | Laser aligner Megohmmeter |
| Overhaul | 3 years | - Bearing replacement - Rope replacement - Control upgrade | Hydraulic tools Programmer |
Note: All specifications comply with GB/T 14405-2011 standards. Special conditions may require customized maintenance plans.
As a professional crane solution provider, Weihua offers a full range of high-quality overhead crane spare parts, including motors, gearboxes, inverters, wheels, tracks, brakes, and safety switches. We have a fully stocked inventory to ensure that you get high-performance, genuine parts quickly.
Contact us today for customized parts solutions - let us make sure your crane runs smoothly, safely, and efficiently.
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